Group+6+w

toc =Physical Data(2)= Temperature: Stream- 7 degrees C. Stream Width: 3.37 meters Stream Depth: point A - .323 meters point B - .341 meters point C - .26 meters point D - .12 meters Average Depth: .261 meters Temperature: Air- 14 degress C. Substrate Constant: 0.8 rubble/ 0.9 mud bottom Stream Velocity: point A - 29.17 seconds point B - 17.74 seconds point C - 28.69 seconds point D - 83.87 seconds Average Time: 39.8675 seconds
 * Becca Miles**

Procedure** - During this portion of our field trip, we observed and collected physical data. At the stream we were at, we collected information such as stream temperature, stream width, stream depth, air temperature, substrate constant, stream velocity and average time. First, Mrs. Graffius discussed our surroundings and the habitat of the stream with us, and we talked about how important a watershed environments. Next, we took the temperature of the air and collected the temperature of the stream water. After we got our temperatures, Mrs. Graffius talked to our group about how the air temperature effects the stream water temperature, and how the sun warms the air and the water. After our brief discussion, we then collected the data on the width of the stream, then the depth of the stream. After recording that data, we were ready to check the velocity of the stream by dropping tennis balls, then time them while floated down stream until they stopped at point B. After finishing all of the activities, Mrs. Graffius then walked us through several other equations to get our averages and made sure everybody had the necessary data and information.
 * Anna Brubaker

=Chemical Data(2)= Katie Lindgren Anthony Pascuzzo


 * Odor:** none
 * Color**: Brownish clear
 * Intensity**: Slight

Chemical Test:


 * DO**: 8.8 ppm
 * Total** **Hardness**: 164 ppm
 * Turbidity**: 20 JTU
 * Ni:N:** 0 ppm
 * pH:** 7.0 ppm
 * Total** **Alkalinity**: 23 ppm
 * Iron:** .5 ppm

=Macroinvertebrates (biological)(2) (Aaron Douthit) (Luke Spack- Relative Abundance, Stream Quality,)= Weighting Factor (R= 1-9, C= 10-99, D= 100 or more) Group 1(Sensitive)- (# of R’s) x 5.0, (# of C’s) x 5.6, (# of D’s) x 5.3 Group 2(Somewhat Sensitive)- (# of R’s) x 3.2, (# of C’s) x 3.4, (# of D’s) x 3.0 Group 3(Tolerant)- (# of R’s) x 1.2, (# of C’s) x 1.1, (# of D’s) x 1.0 Stream Quality- 40=GOOD, 20-40=FAIR, 20=POOR

Group 1- Dobsonfly Larva (1)- Rare Stonefly Nymph (24)- Common Crane fly Larva (1)- Rare Mayfly Nymph (35)- Common RARE- 2 x 5.0= 10 COMMON- 2 x 5.6= 11.2 Sum of Rating- 21.2

Group 2- Crayfish (9)- Rare RARE- 1 x 3.2 Sum of Average- 3.2

Group 3- True Midges (1)- Rare Aquatic Worms (4)- Rare RARE- 2. X 1.2 Sum of Average- 2.4

3.2+2.4+21.2= 26.8

Total Rating- 26.8 Stream Quality- Fair

The way we found this information was by collecting organisms that hide and flow in the Jackson Run Stream. We took a square net with two wooden rods on opposite sides of each other and placed one of the sides without a rod in the water. We sloped the net at about a 45degrees and placed rocks on the side in the water so the organisms flowing down could not go under the net. We then started to overturn rocks and kick up the bottom of the stream to stir up any hiding organisms, we did this for about 5 minutes and them carefully took the net out of the water. We set the net on the ground all stretched out and everyone started collecting organisms and separating them into containers based on their features. We put the crayfish in one, the aquatic worms and true midges in another, the mayflies, Crane flies, Dobson flies, and stone flies in another. Once we collected and sorted organisms with the net three times in three different parts of the stream, we started counting how many of each organism we caught. We took the numbers of organisms and plugged them into the formulas and added them to find the sum of the Rating. We took the ratings from group 1,2,and 3 and added them to find the total rating of the stream was 26.8 which means that the stream is fairly healthy. =Stream mapping(1)= (Miriah Eisenhower)

To find this data, there was a rope that was marked of every 3meters. At those marks we strung a tape mesure acrose the stream, then read the mesherments for both sided of the stream.The mesurement closest to the rope was y1 and the other side of the of the stream bank was y2.
 * X || Y1 || Y2 ||
 * 1 || 2.05 || 8.1 ||
 * 3 || 1.67 || 8.37 ||
 * 6 || 2.09 || 8.65 ||
 * 9 || 2,77 || 10.3 ||
 * 12 || 3.36 || 10.65 ||
 * 15 || 4.36 || 10.9 ||
 * 18 || 6.42 || 11.3 ||
 * 21 || 5.27 || 10 ||
 * 24 || 2.01 || 10.24 ||
 * 27 || 2.24 || 9.41 ||
 * 30 || 2.38 || 8.57 ||
 * 33 || 3.13 || 8.89 ||

=Forest Ecology(2)= Seth Spack(information) Joel Riggleman

At the forest ecology station the forester talked about ecology and gave of information about the ecology of Cloe Lake and whats around Cloe Lake. He told us that a watershed is a place to store water. The water eventually gets drained. Cloe Lake and Jackson Run is part of the Jackson Run watershed. A watershed is defined by topographic features. The Jackson Run watershed is three square miles in size. The highest point int he Jackson Run watershed is 1800 feet and that is also the start of the watershed. Cloe Lake is the end of the watershed at 1380 feet. Here is the sequence of where Jackson Run finally ends up: Jackson Run > Mahoning > Allegheny > Ohio > Mississippi > Gulf of Mexico > Atlantic Ocean. Streams can have different characteristics. For example a stream with rapid drops has different characteristics than a stream that is flat. Land also affects characteristics which in turn the characteristics affect the wildlife.

Characteristics

Temperature- The temperature affects Jackson Run greatly. It is good where Jackson Run is located because the trees there provide shade so the river does not get too hot or cold. This way the organisms there can live in a comfortable environment.

Turbidity- The turbidity is determined by what is around the water like soil, rocks, trees, etc. The soil at Jackson Run is good because it absorbs the water and does not wash away. The trees also do good because they hold the soil back from going into the water. Them rocks in the stream help by keeping dirt under them so it does not get washed down stream.

Stream Width- Stream width is important for how much the stream can hold and what can go into it.

Depth- Depth is important for the creatures like fish in the stream so they can lay their eggs deeper under so the eggs are not harmed by anything and don't get washed away. This increases the production of the eggs so they don't die.

Velocity- The velocity of the water is very important. Jackson Run flows pretty fast so it has a high velocity which means it cleans out the wastes so the organisms do not die. The oxygen level is also better because the oxygen is made when the fast water hits a mini waterfall and creates oxygen. Will a still steam the wastes would not leave as quick and the organisms have a better chance of dying.

Oxygen Level- Oxygen level is important because it shows how much oxygen is in the water. The organisms need enough oxygen to breathe. Jackson Run is good with oxygen level because it has the mini waterfalls with the fast water creating the oxygen so the organisms can live.

Nitrates- Nitrates are important because they give the stream nutrients so the organisms in the stream can live. All life needs nitrates.

PH Level- The PH level at Jackson Run was a 7 which is great because the water is not basic or acidic it is balanced out and can support the life there.

=Journaling(1)= Cheyenne Helman

During the field trip to Cloe Lake, we visited one station specifically for journaling. While there, we examined many things. We first simply looked around us and watched and listened to everything at the lake. We examined trees, birds, flowers, the water, and anything else we could find. After, everyone read a poem which was supplied to us. There were many different poems read; Some from Henry David Throeau, and many from other poets and authors who also enjoyed nature. After reading the poems aloud, we created our own.

Here are some of our poems:

By: Anna Brubaker "I am laying looking at the lake. I am dangling my feet over the dark, blue water. I am watching a fisherman dock his boat. I see big trees, they are beautiful. I am sitting with two girls, I see two fish. Cheyenne is rhyming, Becca is not. I am dirty. The knees of my jeans are stained with dirt. Rumor is that there are sharks. I am afraid I'm going to drop this in the lake. My hair smells like candy."

By: Becca Miles "Trees make me wonder. They are all different colors. clouds and their different shapes...amazing. Fishermen and their many talents...crazy. The woods with its many flowers and trees... Water with its ripples. Woods without bathroom...ew porta potties."

By: Miriah Eisenhower "A walk in the forest Listening to the song birds sing and the rustling of water tumbling over as the fish swim freely. and the animals scurry into hidding. a walk in the fores is a walk up the gate of heaven. filling your heart with joy and a smile upon my face."

By: Aaron Douthit Trout colorful, slimey swimming, eating, squirming excited, enjoyable, fun, invigerating, Fish

By: Anthony Pascuzzo Cloe Lake Peaceful, Noisy Flowing, breezy, calm the best place ever God's Kingdom

By: Luke Spack Oak Tree tall, strong, swaying, growing, creaking, peaceful, beautiful, lovely, relaxing, plant

By: Joel Riggleman Cloe Lake small, quiet flowing, moving, breezy peaceful, excited, pleased, fulfilled, lake

By: Katie Lindgren Cloe Lake peaceful, mysterious flowing, breezy, calm good, pleased, fulfilled, excited, lake

By: Cheyenne Helman Nature is a wonderful thing. At the moment you can hear birds sing. The water is a dark, dark, green. All the fish and animals remain unseen. The trees reach up into the big blue sky. You can easily see the birds fly. I'm leaving this place with a lot learned. There was much knowledge earned.

By: Seth Spack Cloe Lake Large, Peaceful Floating, Shining, Flowing, Relaxed, Calm, Lovely, Majestic Water Hole