Group+3+w

toc =Physical Data(2)= David Roberts & Brandon Bish

__temperature__ stream- 10C air- 19.8C
 * Results**

__stream width__ 3.36m

__stream depth__ point A- .337m point B- .32m point C- .197m point D- .94 Average depth= .4485m

__stream velocity__ point A- 42sec point B- 24sec point C- 35sec point D- 61sec Average time= 51.09sec Average stream velocity= 10.22 m/sec

__Volume__ 12.36 meters cubed/sec

1. First, we had to find out the temperature of the water for the water and for the air in degrees Celcius. 2. Next, we measured how wide the stream was using the metric ruler. 3. Then, we figured out how deep the stream was using the metric ruler. 4. After that, Mrs. Graffius appointed volunteers to help with the experiment. 5. We collected tennis balls and rolled them down the streams at different points of the stream, we timed each ball and recorded our data. =Chemical Data(2)= Jason Craft & Duell Thompson(**DATA**) Odor-none color/intensity-slight clear with particles
 * Procedure:**
 * **Test** || **1st Result** || **2nd Result** || **3rd Result** ||
 * **Dissolved O2** || 10 ppm || 10.4 ppm || 9.8 ppm ||
 * **pH** || 7 || 7 || 7 ||
 * **Turbidity** || 5 jtu's || 10 jtu's || 20 jtu's ||
 * **Nitrate** || 0 ppm || 1 ppm || 0 ppm ||
 * **Total hardness** || 130 ppm || 120 ppm || 98 ppm ||
 * **Alkalinity** || 28 ppm || 16 ppm || 42 ppm ||
 * **Iron** || >.5 ppm || >.5 ppm || >.5 ppm ||

Nitrate procedure** -First, 5 mL of water from the lake was added to a testtube. After putting the water in a tablet used to change the water was put in the tube and was shaken until the tablet was fulling disolved. After being completly dissolved the water in the tube was compared to the sample colors to see the nitrate level in the water with 0 being the best. The nitrate levels at cloe lake were excellent turning out to be in the 0-1 range.
 * __Procedures__

-Fist a bottle was submerged in the lake, next the cap was taken off so the water could come in the bottle. Next the lid was put on the bottle and taken out of the water. The bottle was then tapped to get rid of all of the air bubbles that could screw up our results. 8 drops of manganous sulfate solution and 8 drops of alkaline potassium iodide azide, shaking the bottle every time a drop is added. After this 8 drops or more are added until the water turns completely clear.
 * Dissolved O2**

=Macroinvertebrates (biological)(2)= Dane Roken & Luke Janocha

__Group 1 Taxa__ (Sensative) Dobsonfly Larva- 1(R) Clubtails (Dragonfly) Larva- 6(R) Stonefly Nymph- 5(R) Cranefly Larva- 1(R) Mayfly Nymph- 10(C) Alderfly Larva- 3(R) Other- 1(R)


 * ~  ||~ Group 1 ||~   ||
 * 6 || (# of R's) x 5.0 || 30 ||
 * 1 || (# of C's) x 5.6 || 5.6 ||
 * || TOTAL || 35.6 ||

__Group 2 Taxa__ (Somewhat Sensitive) Crayfish- 4(R)


 * ~  ||~ Group 2 ||~   ||
 * 1 || (# of R's) x 3.2 || 3.2 ||
 * || TOTAL || 3.2 ||

__Group 3 Taxa__ (Tolerant) True Midges- 4(R)


 * ~  ||~ Group 3 ||~   ||
 * 1 || (# of R's) x 1.2 || 1.2 ||
 * || TOTAL || 1.2 ||

Rating Value for Site- 40 Stream Quality Rating- Good

We collected macroinvertebrates 3 times by sifting through the water. We pulled out all of the macroinvertebrates and separated them into tubs of water. Then we filled our data tables with the correct number of each. Then we filled in the letter column with the correct letter (either R or C). After that we calculated the stream quality rating by filling in the charts (above) with the number of R's and C's. Then we added the total from each table and got the stream quality rating of 40 which is rated as good.

=Stream mapping(2)= Mesha Brink & Tige Woodson


 * x || y1 || y2 ||
 * 0 || 2.1 || 7.85 ||
 * 3 || 1.61 || 8.19 ||
 * 6 || 2.03 || 9.47 ||
 * 9 || 2.9 || 10.92 ||
 * 12 || 3.47 || 10.48 ||
 * 15 || 4.71 || 10.78 ||
 * 18 || 5.73 || 10.56 ||
 * 21 || 5.39 || 9.43 ||
 * 24 || 2.08 || 9.56 ||
 * 27 || 2.14 || 9.48 ||
 * 30 || 2.13 || 8.19 ||
 * 33 || 3.98 || 8.42 ||

Horizontal distance= 14.8m leveled lines= 0.7 cm Slope of the stream= 0.7/14.8x100 Slope= 4.7

For stream mapping our group first set up a section of the stream to be measured. We then marked down the stream every three meters to insure consistency. They were marked on a line with close pins. After that we had a member of the group wade across the stream to the other bank. With him he took one end of a tape measure so that our group could measure the width of the stream at each marking point. After working our way down the stream we had our member wade into the middle of the stream in order to measure the depth of the stream.

The X labels are the three meter increments that we had measured down the stream. The Y labels are the measurements of the distance from the our close pin increments to the closest point of the stream to the furthest point of the stream.

=Forest Ecology(2)= Megan Norris Here we studied the soil, whether it is fertile or not (it is in Jackson run) and we learned about how there is coal in the soil. We also studied what kinds of things can affect the watersheds and the health of watersheds. What can affect water sheds and how???

Things like...
 * Water temperature**- If the area around the water is forested then the water temperature is going to be lower because of the shade provided by the trees. If there are no trees then there will be direct sunlight and the temperature is going to be higher. If you cut down the trees that surround the water shed then the water temperature is going to increase. Another fact that should be noted is that you can dissolve more carbon dioxide in cold water than you can in warm.


 * Turbidity-** Turbidity is the amount of suspended matter such as mud in the water. Rain can create more turbidity in the water because it creates mud and causes mud and rocks to slide into the water. Road building can also increase the amount of turbidity in the water.


 * ph/Alkilinity-** The pH of soil is determined by the bed rock. Around Jackson Run the bed rock is limestone which has a pH of about 7. This is good, it is neutral so it is not very acidic. The alkilinity of the soil and water is important. If the water is acidic than life will not be prosperous here.


 * Depth-** Depth is important to the stream because if it is too shallow than organisms won't have enough room to make a habitat. Also, the fish would live better in an area that does not have much velocity, and the deeper the stream the less velocity. However, some parts of the stream need to be shallow to allow velocity.


 * Velocity-** Velocity is how fast the stream is flowing and is important to the health of the watershed. The water rushing and falling over rocks creates bubbles, aka oxygen. Oxygen is needed in the water to support the organisms because even they need water. Jackson is a fairly fast flowing stream and creates the oxygen needed. Velocity can also help remove waste. If the stream contains trash and is flowing then the trash will be moved out of the water and probably onto a shore somewhere where people can take care of it. If the stream was stagnant than the trash would sit in the water and decay and possibly harm the organisms there.


 * Nitrates-** Nitrogen is a fertilizer to the soil and leaves hold nitrogen. This can also affect the health of the watershed because you do not want the stream to contain too much nitrogen yet some is needed for proper health of the stream.


 * Oxygen**- As said in the description with velocity the stream needs oxygen to survive. The water falling over the rocks will create the oxygen but velocity is needed to do so.

=Journaling(2)= Gabby Kaufman & Sam Winebark //Gabby Kaufman - Examples and Further Readings// Post discussion, we were asked to observe some physical aspects of the lake and then further our analyzation by writing about what we saw, heard, felt, etc. Below I have posted some examples: __Cig Butt__ I am unhealthy I am lit and then puffed in I can cause cancer - tige woodson

__Breeze__ As the cool wind blows I see the waters flow When I see the sun shine... - Luke Janocha

__Flower__ Yellow, bright Swaying, watching. blooming Pretty, happy, calming, beautiful Blossom - Mesha Brink

The fisherman are trying to catch a fish To make a tasty dish - Brandon Bish

__Water__ Calming, clear Flowing, rippling, reflects Happy, mellow, calm - Jason Craft

__Water__ Murky, green Rippling, glistening, flowing Enjoy, peace, life, excited Lake - Megan Norris

__Breeze__ Watching the trees blow in the breeze; Pollen in the air making me sneeze - tige woodson

__Wave__ There's a tiny wave Looking real brave - Duell Thompson

__Trees__ Look at the green trees They all rustle in the wind The trees are very nice - Dane Roken

//*Please note that some of these writings are unfinished or unrevised due to lack of time at this station.//

Journaling.(sam winebark) Once we got to the journaling station the lady in charge gave us each a poem that involved water. Then everyone in the group read their poems out loud to the rest of us. Some authors we knew, many we didn’t. After we finished, we had to observe something around the lake and really concentrate on it. Whatever we had chosen to observe, we then had to write our own poems about. When the station was almost over we had the opportunity to read our poems aloud, Tige was the only one to read his.